R. Moreddu, M. Elsherif, H. Adams, M. F. Cordeiro, J. S. Wolffsohn, D. Vigolo, H. Butt, J. M. Cooper, and A. K. Yetisen. Integration of Paper Microfluidic Sensors into Contact Lens for Tear Fluid Analysis. Lab Chip 15, 1350–1359 (2020).

Abstract:

In this paper, using the integration of paper microfluidics within laser-inscribed commercial contact lenses, we demonstrate the multiplexed detection of clinically relevant analytes including proteins, glucose, nitrites and L-ascorbic acid, all sampled directly from model tears. In vitro measurements involved the optimization of colorimetric assays, with readouts collected, stored and analysed using a bespoke Tears Diagnostics smartphone application prototype. We demonstrate the potential of the device to perform discrete measurements either for medical diagnosis or disease screening in the clinic or at the point-of-care (PoC), with future applications including monitoring of ocular infections, uveitis, diabetes, keratopathies and assessing oxidative stress.